KODE Dfp 1 Kenapa Pengantin Baru Suku Batak Tak Bisa Nikmati Malam Pertama? | Portal Berita
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Top 10 most costly areas for ACA health insurance plans Anyone buying health insurance inside a Colorado resort town may feel as if closing the laptop and schussing the slopes to ease frustration. These areas were just named the foremost expensive for medical coverage beneath the Affordable Care Act (ACA ). Let Insurance. com assist you find affordable health insurance now. Kaiser Health News — which says its findings are depending on recent data coming from the Kaiser Family Foundation, the federal HealthCare. gov website and state exchanges — gives Colorado’s Eagle, Garfield and Pitkin counties (including Aspen and Vail ski getaways ) the very best premiums, at $483 a month. Rural regions of Georgia, Mississippi and Nevada aren‘t far behind, as is really a Connecticut suburb of New York City, all Alaska and the majority of Wyoming. The premiums are driven by lowest price ” silver ” plan, and that is mid-level coverage that almost all consumers are buying with the exchanges. Here will be the 10 most costly areas, depending on monthly premiums, consistent with Kaiser Health News : $483 — Colorado mountain resorts (Eagle, Garfield and Pitkin counties). Also, premiums in Colorado’s Summit County are $462. $461 — Southwest Georgia (Baker, Calhoun, Clay, Crisp, Dougherty, Lee, Mitchell, Randolph, Schley, Sumter, Terrell and Worth counties). $456 — Rural Nevada (Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander, Lincoln, Elko, Mineral, Pershing, White Pine and Churchill counties). $445 — Western Wisconsin (Pierce, Polk and St. Croix counties). $423 — Southern Georgia (Ben Hill, Berrien, Brooks, Clinch, Colquitt, Cook, Decatur, Early, Echols, Grady, Irwin, Lanier, Lowndes, Miller, Seminole, Thomas, Tift and Turner counties). $405 — Most of Wyoming, but excluding Natrona and Laramie counties. $399 — Southeast Mississippi (George, Harrison, Jackson and Stone counties). Also, the lowest price plan in Hancock County is $447. $395 — All of Vermont. $383 — Southwest Connecticut (Fairfield County). $381 — All of Alaska. The Kaiser report says the lofty premiums in Colorado could be blamed on high costs for medical care in those areas. In other pricey regions, insurers can inquire about more income because there‘s a limited quantity of hospitals and specialists open to patients. ” High individual insurance rates also reflect the extra costs that come when locals are likely to have poor health and where large numbers of individuals lack employer-sponsored insurance, leaving providers with increased charity cases and lower-reimbursed Medicare patients, ” based on the report. Health insurance options beyond the health insurance exchanges The ACA requires the uninsured have coverage from the March 31 deadline or face a penalty. The fine in 2014 is $95 or 1 percent in an individual’s taxable income, whichever is higher. The penalty climbs to $325 in 2015 and $695 by 2016. Subsidies can be found to assist shoulder costs for people who qualify. Consumers are eligible for any tax credit in the event that they earn as much as 400 percent from the federal poverty level — that is $94, 200 for any family of four in 2013. The tax credits aren‘t available for health insurance purchased outside the exchanges. You are able to shop for insurance with the government-run exchange with your state, but additional options : • Can you get it at work? Most employer-sponsored plans meet minimum standards set from the feds ; your boss should have notified you of the by Oct. 1. Bear in mind, though, that almost all employer-based plans have open enrollment in the autumn. Your workplace can provide you with the specific details, including deadlines. • Does an employer’s plan cover spouses or dependents? Most work-based health plans extend benefits to spouses, albeit they are not legally needed to. Again, check along with your employer. Also, anyone under 26 can remain on the parent’s medical plan, even if they should already get access to health insurance elsewhere, do not live with these or are married. • Do you qualify for a government health insurance plan? The ACA says you are covered when you have Medicare or Medicaid ; your children are covered in the event that they receive benefits beneath the Children’s Health Insurance Program. Medicare is typically eligible to anyone 65 or older, possess a disability or end-stage renal disease. Have the ear of a seven-month period (starting three months before your 65th birthday ) to join Medicare in the government’s Medicare. gov site. In case you do not check in then, you are able to enroll from Jan. 1 to March 31 of each and every year. Medicaid eligibility, which is expanded beneath the ACA, is founded on income and family size. Can you qualify? You are able to fill out a credit card applicatoin at the state’s health insurance exchange to see. You may also find out if your children could be covered with the Children’s Health Insurance Program. • Go directly to a health insurer Some companies that provide medical coverage — – including United Healthcare, Humana, Aetna, Cigna and Coventry — are not participating at many of the exchanges. But, in fact, they are still selling health insurance. You will get relevant information by checking out their websites, speaking with their representatives or dealing with an insurance agent. These companies may provide a bigger sort of plans compared to the exchanges, which offer more standardized coverage.

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Kenapa Pengantin Baru Suku Batak Tak Bisa Nikmati Malam Pertama?

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Masing-masing suku di Nusantara memiliki tradisi masing-masing yang berbeda dan unik, termasuk dalam tradisi pernikahan atau perkawinan. Lebih khusus lagi tentang tradisi malam pertama bagi pengantin baru.

Salah satu suku yang memiliki tradisi yang berbeda dan unik tentang hari pernikahan, terutama tentang malam pertama pengantin baru ini adalah suku Batak di Sumatera Utara.

Namun, sebelum memaparkan tentang keunikan dalam tradisi suku Batak, di sini dipaparkan salah satu suku lainnya di Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, yaitu suku Al Munawar, di mana di suku tersebut ada pernikahan warga keturunan Arab.

Bagaimana perbedaan itu? Biasanya, pada acara akad nikah, pengantin perempuan dan laki-laki berada di satu tempat. Di kampung itu pengantin perempuan dilarang bertemu calon suaminya.

Seremoni akad pernikahan hanya dihadiri orang tua laki-laki dari pihak perempuan. Begitu juga dengan para saksi nikah, semua ada di dalam ruangan hanya dipenuhi kaum pria. Tak seorang pun perempuan dibolehkan masuk hingga prosesi akad selesai.

Yang sangat menarik dari tradisi perkawinan dalam suku Al Munawar, yakni ada istilah nunggu kamar pada malam pertama. Dalam hal mana, pada malam pertama pernikahan, sepasang pengantin itu akan ditemani seorang anggota keluarga dari pihak perempuan.

Menurut sejumlah sumber, bahwa tradisi nunggu kamar ini masih dijalankan sampai sekarang. Jadi, di kamar pengantin akan ditunggu ibu dari perempuan. Yang menunggu harus perempuan, pengantinnya tetap ada di kamar. Tradisi ini dilakukan dua sampai tiga hari.

Sedangkan di sebuah suku di Cali, Colombia, ibu mertua yang wajib menonton atau menyaksikan malam pertama anak dan mantunya.

Woow! Perkawinan baru dikatakan sah setelah malam pertama itu ditonton dan disaksikan oleh ibu mertua wanita dari pengantin baru.

Lalu, bagaimana dengan tradisi malam pertama suku Batak, khususnya Batak Toba di zaman dulu, sebelum tahun 1945? Ternyata suku Batak Toba, pengantin baru tidak bisa menikmati malam pertama perkawinannya. Kok bisa?

Begini kisahnya. Setelah mengikuti acara adat Batak sampai sore atau malam hari, pengantin sudah ditagih oleh kawan-kawannya untuk melakukan pesta naposo (pesta muda-mudi). Tradisi ini setidaknya terjadi di Tano Batak sebelum tahun 1945.

Pesta ini praktis membuat pengantin satu malam tidak bisa tidur. Otomatis pengantin pun tidak bisa menikmati malam pertamanya. Woow, kasihan sekali bukan? Tetapi, itulah tradisi.

Prof. Dr. Bungaran Simanjuntak lewat bukunya ‘Sistem Sosial dan Sistem Politik Batak Toba hingga 1945’ (2006) menyebutkan, pesta ini adalah pesta initiate (peralihan status) bagi pengantin wanita.

Untuk pengantin wanita, hal ini menjadi tanda perpisahan karena mulai besok paginya dia bukan anak gadis lagi dan tidak boleh bergaul bebas seperti masih gadis. Dirinya sudah berstatus seorang ibu atau orang tua.

Karena alasan itu, setelah pesta hampir usai pada pagi hari, para gadis-gadis ini biasanya menangisi pengantin perempuan. Tangisan itu menandai pengantin tidak lagi menjadi bagian muda-mudi, tetapi natua-tua (orangtua).

Sementara itu, dalam pesta naposo, pengantin pria harus memberi jambar naposo (bagian muda-mudi) kepada setiap pemuda maupun pemudi yang hadir. Jambarini bisa berupa yang atau benda yang lain.

Uniknya, pesta naposo juga sering kali dimanfaatkan oleh para pemuda-pemuda teman pengantin pria untuk berkenalan dengan gadis-gadis yang juga hadir dalam acara tersebut.

Tidak jarang dari situ juga tercipta hubungan baru dari muda-mudi sebagaimana awal pacaran, -istilah anak sekarang- yang bisa sampai ke pelaminan. Begitulah pesta naposo (pesta muda-mudi).

Di satu sisi membuat pengantin baru tidak bisa menikmati malam pertamanya, tapi di sisi lain memberi berkat buat kawan-kawannya yang masih lajang, dan mulai pacaran, atau yang sedang pacaran biar cepat-cepat menikah.

Tapi, jangan-jangan orang suku Batak Toba zaman dulu tidak kenal apa yang disebut dengan tradisi malam pertama, yang merupakan suatu malam yang ditunggu-tunggu oleh pasangan yang sedang jatuh cinta dan ingin meneruskan cintanya ke pelaminan dalam mahligai rumah tangga. Bisa jadi.



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